Campus stress–all the BS from the outside

I’m writing a novel series about a college for monsters from the perspective of the faculty and this gives me a reason to reflect on what college is about and what creates stress for faculty.

If you look up what colleges do, you’ll read that they are intended to give broad training in arts, humanities, and sciences with an emphasis on intellectual development. Intellectual development strengthens critical thinking skills and personal growth, or at least we can hope.

Faculty guide students in these pursuits. Despite what outsiders will tell you, respecting student differences of opinion is important to colleges and their faculty in creating an environment where learning can take place. However, students ned to learn the material.

Faculty serve as mentors or masters to their apprentices, the students. Faculty mentors, drawing upon their expertise and experience, provide students with invaluable insights into their chosen fields of study. They offer personalized guidance, tailored to each student’s unique strengths, challenges, and learning styles. Through everything from imparting up to date information, career counseling, and “navigating the complexities of academic writing”, faculty work to help students grow and adapt to the modern world.

Faculty often make less than their industry counterparts but are motivated by factors such as commitment to learning and the ability to work with autonomy Most are passionate about their fields, want to contribute to new knowledge, want to help others learn, and thrive on intellectual challenge. I moved to academia from industry because I had research ideas not supported by my industry. In academia, I was allowed to follow my curiosity, engage both sides of my brain, build relationships, and work towards something important to my family—equality.

Stressors on faculty include increased workload, lack of funding, variability in student ability and background knowledge, and constantly needing to learn new technology, including learning platforms. Stressors come from the outside, too. It seems like a lot of people want to remake college to suit their own image and to punish all those unruly faculty members out there.

You’ve probably heard about outside groups which put professors on watch lists. You can scroll through these watch lists and find out that transgressions might include calling out racism, signing a petition, and recognition of pronouns. There might be one incident, reported on a social media platform, and that will be enough to put the offending professor on a list of the damned. 

However, outside groups maybe more covert (as reported by students) and direct their members on how to fill out faculty evaluations. There are also rate my prof sites which are not monitored for accuracy and might even feature evaluations for courses the professor doesn’t teach.

Teachers put up with a lot of BS and not much comes from students.

When you consider that the brain remains in adolescence until the age of 30, it can be reasonable to view these outside groups as predatory. They encourage students to not trust or communicate with their professors and to put faith in their group instead. Some even call themselves ministries. There is one thing they lack: scholarship.

For those who care about scholarship, intellect, and quality of thought, the Iowa Legislature has handed us what could be a state expense lacking scholarship: The Center for Intellectual Freedom at the University of Iowa.

The University of Iowa is my alma mater and like many, I’m not enthused by this center. It seems somewhat haphazard, not particularly scholarly, and possibly too debate focused. Mostly what leads me to these opinions, besides its description and current course offerings, is what those who are involved have to say. Another red flag is that it was dictated by the Legislature, not scholars. It isn’t even an original idea.

At a recent inaugural event paid for by the public, lots of chests were beaten and accusations made. The whole idea of teaching civics isn’t bad, it’s done in intermediate school, high school and even college. The unscholarly part is accusations that the liberals are somehow terrible and need to be replaced. This makes the whole “freedom” idea confusing. At the recent celebratory event, a campus shooting was given as an example of conservative speech being censored but a professor didn’t shoot the man.

Another antecdote hinting at a huge bias problem in higher ed was “the example of former U.S. Treasury Secretary Larry Summers, who stepped down from his Harvard University presidency after suggesting women were less represented in STEM fields because of “intrinsic aptitude.” Summers, who was teaching at Harvard …has stepped away from the university again due to his ties with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.” (quote is from here.) Personally, sticking up for that particular man doesn’t cast a good light on intellectual freedom.

At the inaugural event (paid for by taxpayers) a speaker from the American Enterprise Institute, a group that advocates for trickle-down economics and limited regulations, was quoted thus,: Katz separated those responsible for higher education’s issues into two categories — “sheep” and “crazies.” The sheep are “almost everybody,” he said, with the crazies at the fringes of both ends of the political and ideological spectrums. Nearly all university faculty fall into the sheep category, and if they follow a bad idea things can, and have, gone very wrong. Crazies used to be a small minority of academic units, Katz said, but now there are more of them and they are “malevolent.”“Don’t hire crazies, don’t be a sheep, and let’s hope that the Center for Intellectual Freedom at the University of Iowa can fix whatever problems there are,” Katz said.

What grade would you get if you gave a speech like that in high school or college?

To quote a student at the event, the speakers didn’t “provide any sort of solid, consistent argument to support the creation of the center.” And “Other(s)… have expressed disappointment in the center’s structure, as its director will have near-total control of hiring professors, inviting guest speakers and other actions…I think that it’s very clear that folks here are not actually interested in freedom of expression,”

Those who have forced this on our state allege college professors are too liberal and not fostering debate. I have news— scholarship depends on new ideas and new creations. Complaining that conservatives don’t have a voice on campus is implying that they can’t engage in scholarship. As for debate as a desirable means of learning, it is not always a useful learning tool and can lead to oversimplification and an oversized emphasis on winning. Debates can cater to the best BSers and create polarization. Dialogue is a better learning experience for most people.

As a parent or student paying tuition for scholarship, intellectual development, and training, I’d be damn mad about these speakers and their baseless claims. I’d be mad about outside organizations preying on students and watch-listing professors.

On the other hand, should you want to do your own research, you can sign up for one of the courses offered at the new Institute. It’s pass/fail and according to the course description, papers will not be graded. Even better, you get a whole class credit and only have to attend 5 of 7 lectures! Another quote associated with the inaugural panel is “Admissions must also be controlled to ensure students “are on board with the mission” of the center.” Looks like this course could be an easy pass for all those who need one.

Bloom’s taxonomy of learning

Bhopal: a lesson on the costs of cost saving measures

We’re at the anniversary of the deadliest global chemical disaster, harming more than half a million people in Bhopal, India . Most here in the US have forgotten it, although the perpetrator was a US company. On December 4,1984, in the dead of night, a Union Carbide pesticide factory making Sevin, in the Vijay Nagar neighborhood released a cloud of toxic methylisocyanate gas. The cause was absent and out of order safety systems which allowed components for the pesticide to mix and create an out of control, deadly reaction. The decisions to store large amount of toxins on site and to disable the safety systems were done as cost saving measures.

The heavy, odorless gas drifted through homes and across streets, waking people not with the smell but with the strangling effects of a respiratory poison. Within three days, 3,000 people and numerous animals were dead. The horror didn’t end there. Around 20,000 people slowly died from the toxin and the effects persist to this day.

Women suffered miscarriages (especially of male fetuses) and premature menopause. Males were born with an increased risk of cancer and developmental disorders, including intellectual disabilities. Many survivors suffered from complications like diabetes, high blood pressure, kidney failure ( a 7% increase), heart disease, pulmonary fibroids, intellectual disabilities, and cancer—especially oral, throat, and lung cancer. Another long term effect was irritant induced asthma.

Netflix made a movie about heroes of this incident, railway workers who helped people escape. The movie also implicates the Union Carbide (now part of Dow Chemical) for not taking action soon enough.

A statue of a mother covering her burned eyes and holding her dead infant commemorates the tragedy but has the lesson been learned? The people are still suffering.

A statue of a person holding a baby

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Image from https://www.millenniumpost.in/h-upload/2023/12/01/747019-bhopal-gas-tragedy-memorial-statue-outside-union-carbide-factory-4-photo-aryani-banerjee.webp

A 1991 disaster in California released a similar toxin when a train car carrying deadly pesticide precursors fell directly into the Sacramento River. The resulting release of the deadly toxin killed all aquatic life in the river, which took up to 14 years to recover. Nearby residents, huddled in their homes with windows closed, developed irritant induced asthma, skin, and gastric problems.

Have we learned much? Not really. Our elected ones are rushing to lower regulatory standards so more drugs can be made in the US.

Prompted by a bought-off Congress, the EPA has been lax at regulating toxins, including pesticides, and their manufacturing. It’s only getting worse. With the current administration, we are axing safety regulations while pretending they hurt the economy. They don’t. The California disaster resulted in 38 million dollars worth of damage. Union Carbide settled for 470 million dollars, an amount so low and so inadequate that the decision sent the stock prices soaring.

In the long run, disasters caused by lack of stringent regulations exact a far higher price.

I would like to acknowledge this article for basic information about the largest global chemical accident. 

Tough on “crime”, rough on the wallet

Many years ago, the elected officials of Marion County, Iowa held meeting with the citizens. They were propaganda sessions disguised as town halls. They didn’t ask us about what we wanted but told us what we should be thinking. 

One of the elected ones, Senator McKinley, had two things he liked to push. One was something obscure about a valve on gas tanks that demonstrated how ridiculous regulations were. The other was private prisons. 

He was all for the prisons and called them a growth industry. Senator McKinley has faded from the news, although his wife posts conservative stuff on Facebook from time to time. Perhaps he is busy counting his money because across the USA, we’re approaching peak private prison. Instead of paying scientists to cure cancer or funding weather prediction and reports, we are paying the private prison industry to lock people up. Yes, imprisoning people is big business and we taxpayers are the ones losing out. Look at it this way: Every time a Republican finds an enemy, a privatizer gets a payout. And you get a DOGE cut to your services and perks of being a citizen.

Thanks to the One Big Beautiful Bill, the ICE budget will balloon to well over 100 billion dollars in 2026

There were over 60,000 people in 186 ICE detention facilities this year. It’s estimated that 70% of these people committed no crime at all, not even a misdemeanor.

Here is a map of the facilities and ones being built. (Thank you Mother Jones and yes, I did renew my subscription.) 

An important thing for us taxpayers to know is who is making bank from these lock-ups? 

Core Civic and GEO Group are among the possibly familiar names. As Senator McKinnley alluded to, these companies are not new. 

One reason given for using them was to reduce government waste. However, it doesn’t take a crystal ball to predict what happens when public prisons are used for incarceration: lax security, poor rehabilitation, and enhanced incentive to imprison people were all common before the Obama Administration cut back on their use.  

The cutbacks didn’t sit well with the private prison profiteers. They poured money into getting Trump elected. With their candidate back in, the profits of these companies has gone through the roof. So has the stock price. GEO has even expanded into the ankle bracelet market. Who will be paying for these ankle bracelets? That’s right, the taxpayers. 

Another profiteer, Core Civic, is reopening closed prisons in Oklahoma and New Jersey, and several other states, banking on more prisoners and more money thanks to the renewed ICE funding.

Least you forget the so called border crisis, you should know that there is an annual event just for those who want to make a buck off of it.

Here’s a description from Huffington Post in May:

In early April, hundreds of military and tech companies exhibited their products at the Border Security Expo, which brought “government leaders, law enforcement officials, and industry innovators” together. During the two-day event  in Phoenix, Immigration and Customs Enforcement Acting Director Todd Lyons said he would like ICE to operate more like a business: “like [Amazon] Prime, but with human beings.” He added that “the badge and guns” should do “the badge-and-gun stuff, everything else, let’s contract out.” 

Let it sink in: Amazon Prime but with human beings. And you are paying the monthly rate.

Crime is down across the US, although people have the perception that crime is rising. Governors and politicians on the take are promoting this tough on crime stance

What IS rising is pocket lining and contracts for private prisons. GEO group has raised profits by 13%CoreCivic has an 18% profit margin over last year. And it’s only the beginning. Unless you help get the word out. Most of us are paying the price of lost services for this. 

Battleships in Paradise

Remember when I went to the US Virgin Islands? It was a beautiful slice of paradise. You can read about it here and see lovely photos of a little bay where I attempted snorkeling. This bay is home to turtles, octopi, barracuda, spotted eagle rays, and tropical fish. Now it’s home to something else. 

Here’s that bay recently. Are those battleships? Yes, they are. 

Will the USVI be able to return to paradise once more? Here’s the rub, or more precisely, the map that tells the tale. 

Venezuela has oil, lots of it, along with plenty of problems, including an autocrat who won’t leave power, which I’m not knowledgeable enough to sift through. But being a chemist, I’m focusing on the “war on drugs” and calling BS.

The US is having a just say no to drugs moment and although research shows that decriminalizing is the best way to tackle such a crisis, we are gathering war machines in paradise instead, claiming that Venezuela is the source of illegal drugs in the US. It seems about as honest as Portland being a war zone. 

Meanwhile, we are importing drugs with dubious content in the form of generic drugs from contaminated factories. Maybe I’m reaching here but why are we so concerned with one type of drug coming into the US we are all practically forced to settle for a product that very well could contain harmful substances

Generic drugs contain the same active ingredient as name brand drugs but for the rest of the pill, the standards do not apply. Generic drugs were approved for use in the US in the dubious year of 1984 and the companies that make them (and our insurance companies) have been cutting costs ever since. Note that the premiums have never gone down. One way to cut costs (and quality inspections and environmental concerns) is to move production overseas. Bacteria, mold, and carcinogens are among the lovely things found in generic pharmaceuticals.

Recently, my doctor prescribed a medication as a preventative. I noticed it was from place with frequent quality control issuesDr. Reddy’s lab in India. This place makes plenty of common generic drugs for high cholesterol, osteoporosis prevention, stomach acid medications, antidepressants, over the counter pain medications, and more. Needless to say, I didn’t stay with Dr. Reddy for long. 

70% of adults here in the US take some type of legal pill every single day, and many take up to four! When generics are used (which is 90% of the time), these medicines could be contaminated. The FDA is keeping consumers in the dark about where drugs are made and if the factory has had a recent, favorable inspection. 

The whole time the government was handing out Just Say No to Drugs pencils to school kids they were doing nothing at all about contaminated generics. We consumers are paying a premium price in our health insurance costs and getting rock bottom drugs in return. 

I insist on brand name drugs for now (and I have to pay out of pocket while my insurance premiums go up) but who knows how long the companies in the US will face stringent regulations. Regulations seem to be falling lately. We even get drug components from overseas so potential problems already exist. 

If, in the near future, you see or read about going to war with drug cartels, just remember: No one is doing a darn thing about the dangers in the drugs you take and that threat has been going on since 1984. 

The war on drugs, started in the 70s, has been declared an utter failure. The war on regulations and public protections , the war on the US consumer, is sadly going better than ever. And you won’t be seeing any battleships.

Lessons from the redwoods

I went to see the redwoods and if you haven’t been there, you must go. Breath in their magnificence —the air around them is so fresh. In the redwoods, my harvest weary sinuses cleared and my jumbled mind unraveled. These trees don’t live near a major city—the coast of California with the coastal redwoods is punctuated with small towns and harbors. A feeling of peace and majesty descends on you there along with the fog. The trees have an intimate relationship with the fog. It provides up to 30% of their water.

A group of trees in the forest

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Big Tree is a favorite stop and one of the trees that helped promote awareness of the need to save the redwoods from logging. By the time people began working to protect the coastal redwoods 100 years ago, 95% of them had been cut down.

A group of people standing in front of a large tree

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A book on a wood surface

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A close-up of a sign

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There are three varieties of redwoods. The coastal redwoods are the tall ones, the giant sequoia have fatter trunks, and the dawn redwood, found in China, is a smaller version of these glorious trees. Various ranger stations and tourist traps sell seeds and baby trees. I wasn’t confident I could bring a coastal redwood back to Iowa and keep it happy, so I opted for a dawn redwood seed.

Humbolt Redwoods State Park features the Avenue of the Giants Auto Tour just off of Highway 101 and contains trees up to 2000 years old that have never been logged. These trees have stood up to fires, insects, and floods. We traversed the Northern most part of it and took time to visit some of the picturesque small towns along Highway 101as well.

One tourist trap, Trees of Mystery, has a notable collection of native pottery and information about the tribes that once inhabited the redwoods and this continent.

The area also has casinos and gas stations owned by the local tribes. It wasn’t until the 1960s that the redwood forests became state and national parks and the tribes were able to recover land ownership.

Saving the trees took an immense amount of effort by all sorts of people—some standing in front of logging equipment and taking companies to court, others buying up the forests and donating them back to the state. Women’s groups in California were at the forefront of the effort early in the 1900s, but people have been working to save the trees, including the founders of the GAP, even into this century.

A person standing in front of a sign in a forest

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A plaque on a rock

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A tall tree in the forest

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These huge trees grow burls when injured and stressed. You can see how red the wood is when looking at this burl. The tree litter is known as duff or sorrel.

A close-up of a tree trunk

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As shown below, the roots of the coastal redwoods are fairly shallow. Over the centuries, the trees sustain some damage and still they persist.

Redwoods have shallow, intertwined roots and although they produce seeds, sprouts from burls are the major way they reproduce.

A large tree stump in the woods

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A large tree with moss growing on it

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Above, sprouts pour from a burl.

A group of plants and trees

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Take a look at some of the cross sections and see the passage of time.

A piece of paper on a tree stump

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Thanks to the collective will of the people of California and elsewhere, these trees persist and reproduce. But it takes constant vigilance, and appreciation of them.

A tree stump with a small plant growing out of it

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We have relatives from Portland who came with us and guided us on the trip. We drove along Oregon’s beautiful coast, staying in the small town of Bandon. Sadly, we had to walk out of a diner there because Fox News was on tv but we found a great seafood place and had a lovely seaside view.

A view of a parking lot from a balcony

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We stopped at a light house/Coast Guard facility, had more seafood at Newport (home of Rogue Brewery) and even though it was early in the season, we saw some whales at a distance.

A bowl of soup with shrimp and spices on a table

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A white lighthouse with a truck parked in front of it

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A fence with a wooden post and a body of water

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We flew in and out of Portland. Portland has a beautiful airport (see photo below) and is not a war zone. (Although possibly someone is trying to make it so. On the return trip, the air national guard was flying obnoxiously.) It’s horrible to have whole cities, and even states, lied about and subjected to unwanted occupation. Fortunately, people in this country know how to work together to save the trees and even democracy.

The Power to Think

At the beginning of the semester, I asked students what aspect of writing they thought they needed to work on. Many said VOCABULARY, which was somewhat of a surprise. Or maybe not. We read writing tips from well-known authors and to quote Madeline L’Engle :  “As our vocabulary expands, so does our power to think.”

Vague language conceals. Rich language illuminates. In order to be able to communicate, you need a decent vocabulary. Vague language could convey being unintelligent and not able to grasp nuance. It might be a sign of not knowing as when I used “pretty many” to describe a number and my thesis adviser had a fit. It could be a sign of aphasia, a loss of language due to a brain injury.

 Precise language: It’s the difference between a parrot and a pet. It’s the difference between “they” and local government. Vague language can be used to deceive.

You can see vague language when Supreme Court justices pulled  a fast one when asked about Roe vs Wade. Before confirmation they said everything from “It is an important precedent that’s been reaffirmed many times” to saying that taking a position “would undermine my ability to be impartial.”

Here’s where recent news fits in. In my brief viewing of Turning Point USA, the group used vague language. It is more of a slogan spitter than an honest debater. Here is another person’s encounter with them. From what I gathered, TP is more about zingers and bumper stickers than common ground.  That’s why it is vague.

I was once acquainted with someone who worked for a “think tank” and learned that these debates can be ways to test slogans. They are not always for true debate. “Debaters” search for slogans that require some nuance to refute. Those slogans are the best slogans to use when winning is the objective. To quote Goerge Lakoff “an opponent may be disingenuous if his real goal isn’t what he says his goal is.” This disingenuousness can be infectious. It can teach students bad discussion skills and narcissistic arguing that can disrupt a classroom or even education itself.

There are a few tell-tale signs of narcissistic arguing that we should be aware of if an argumentative group like TP or Moms for Liberty comes to town. (And click this link for more about Moms for Liberty. These moms are mean. So mean they are considered an extremist group.) Keep in mind that antagonism is a narcissist’s tool. Shifting blame and bringing up unrelated topics and prior grievances often dominate. And of course, projecting or accusing others of doing what you’re doing is standard for some. Intentional vague language is a hallmark for narcissists.

Not all speech is quality speech. Some is vague. Some is manipulative. And some is just plain mean. If the purpose of an institution is to educate, then organizations promoting vague speech—which limits our ability to think– and narcissistic antagonism should not be allowed near learners.

Vague is the difference between seeing a show and seeing Rocky Horror Picture Show. I recall working at Pella’s Holland Theater when that movie was shown. Pella citizens, one identifying as a minister, came and told us young kids works there that they were sinners going to hell.  That wouldn’t happen with any show. Or in any town.

Honing language takes practice and education. After my adviser threw up his hands at the vague statement I made, I worked harder to be prepared with accurate and precise information.

Kudos to my students for claiming an education in a world trying to un-educate them. Education is a gift. Illumination is worth more than vagueness. To think for yourself, you first have to think.

COVID Vax Mess

Do you ever get mad at people who voted for Trump? He said he was going to make a mess of our healthcare system, giving RFK permission to go wild about anything health related except oil.  And yes, it is a mess right now. Take for example, getting a COVID vaccine.

For a while, some states required a doctor’s permission to get a COVID vaccine. That restriction was removed this month. At least, I think so.

I don’t live in one of those states that formed a health alliance to counteract the madness. Anyone over 6 months of age can get a COVID shot there. So naturally, getting a COVID shot became a challenge for me, even though I am old enough. I asked about getting a COVID vaccine at my local Hy-Vee. They said they had no information but might in a month. Hy-Vee by the way has donated to politicians, including “mean Ken.”

I then called the pharmacy associated with my local hospital, PRH. They said they didn’t know what was going on. After all that happened with COVID, the CEO of PRH has donated to Republicans recently

However, I went to Costco in West Des Moines and got a COVID shot. I’m over 65 so eligible and had no trouble getting one, except that Costco was packed. 

I’m one of those people who so far doesn’t suffer much from COVID. I’m a teacher and exposed to many germs and have had frequent colds. Since COVID is a killer cold, it’s possible my body knows how to fight it. I had it once and thought it was just a weird fever. I had a test kit about to expire, I used it, and yes, it was COVID. I believe I might have had COVID once before, in February 2020. My research students and I felt “kinda weird” and although I never had a fever, I had strange dreams.

Sadly, the government is no longer offering free COVID tests. What they are offering is photos of Trump along with a theory that scientists don’t support. How unprofessional! And untrustworthy. And unhelpful, at least to the average citizen. I’m going to have a hard time trusting other information. There was even a little Fauci bashing on a government websiteThis kind of thing has gotten the CDC attacked and someone killed.

Even if you don’t get very sick, COVID persists in your body. It’s aging. It can promote heart disease. It can harm veins. Long COVID is most prominent in young people and women. It can even cause anemia and heavy, painful periods.

How to debunk COVID misinformation? There’s a study for that.

Here’s an example.

Myth: COVID doesn’t affect kids. 

Reality: Pediatric COVID is more common and harmful than people think! Memory problems and anxiety are some of the persistent symptoms. 

What isn’t a myth? This year, COVID confusion abounds. I wonder why? 

The Dark Side Comes for The Moon

The nearly full moon rose like an old friend as I walked my dog last night. When my mom died in October many years ago, it rose in beauty, giving me familiar comfort and ushering me into a new phase of life.

I’ve loved watching the moon since I was a child riding with my grandpa on his tractor. The way it traversed the sky and changed phases delighted me. In fact, I thought the Moon was called the Move and would turn my grampa’s face to see it and say, “Look at the Move!”

I was so curious about what it was made of and if anything alive could be up there. I even had the privilege of watching the Moon landing with Gramps.

If we didn’t have the Moon there’ d be no eclipses, no moon dance, no moon shadow, no moon light sonata, no blue moon, no Dark Side of the Moon.

We’d see weaker tides with their ebb and flow. Marine animals wouldn’t be able to navigate or spawn. Corals wouldn’t reproduce. And what would I decorate my house with if there was no moon?

First Men in the Moon by HG Wells has been a favorite novel of mine, despite having a dearth of female characters. Two English gentlemen find themselves launched to the Moon thanks to a substance that shields their rudimentary travel sphere from gravity. Although implausible, I found this a clever twist but what unfolded on the Moon caught my imagination most strongly because it contains a shred of truth. The two men, one a businessman and one a scientist, encounter both gold and lifeforms. While the scientist wanted to learn more, the businessman schemed exploitation.

If you read reviews of First Men in the Moon the naysayers point out all the ways it’s unrealistic. But Wells got one thing right: Greed is coming for the Moon.

While scientists wring their hands at lost opportunity to study the Moon, the greedy are firing up for a moon-mining race. Yes, companies are salivating at a chance to harvest. The Moon, having once been part of earth, doesn’t have anything the Earth doesn’t but in some cases, the concentration of the materials might make them easier to mine them. As HG Wells predicted, the Moon does have water to provide for all the new exploits and it also has a rare isotope of helium, Helium-3 also designated 3He. This might be useful in providing fusion power, which so far, hasn’t been successfully achieved. After all, we’ve got to power all our AI some way. Why not shoot for the Moon so to speak?  Don’t worry. US companies are already planning to suck off the government to make this happen.

And if we don’t do it, Russia and China will. China’s been to the dark side recently so we in the US are not going to let “safety be the enemy of progress.”

I rue the day when I look up at the Moon and instead of imagining moon-rabbits, handsome men, or werewolves, I see avaricious people making money. What can I do about it? I think I will go on an internet diet and restrict my pointless searches. I’ll try to ignore Alexa  and Siri for several hours a day, even though Alexa has been calling out to me lately in a somewhat creepy way.  Although I hate to admit that Republicans ever had a good idea, my grandson says that since they banned cellphones at school, he’s been reading books again. Maybe if I disengage once a day for 4 hours, I will finally get the next novel done. When it comes to energy gobbling AI powered by elusive fusion, you know what they say: don’t obey in advance.

In praise of unisex and how to achieve prime monogamy

I’m not the first one to wonder why in humans, it’s often the females who adorn themselves. It’s not natural and you need to look no further than newly discovered Eresus hermani

to see yet another example of this.  Which one do you think is the female?

You guessed it. The one on the left. According to biologist Paulina Mena “Evolutionarily speaking, sexual selection has to do with investment in reproduction. The mode in nature is that females invest more in making gametes and in many cases in parental care than males. This means that females maximize their reproductive success by being choosy. This is what leads to the elaborate adornments, bird songs, dances, etc. in males. They are trying to be picked.”

Of course, as my anthropologist/sociologist friends point out, not all human cultures put an emphasis on female adornment. In some cultures, males and females are equally adorned or not and in others, the men are the fancy ones.  Jeff Bass points out that “There is a general observation that there tends to be less gender equality (or more female dis-empowerment) in societies based on intensive agriculture.” This possibly comes as women are less central to economic production, and is less of a factor in industrialized countries where there’s plenty of work for women to do. In this case, adornment is less important.

When males and females look different, it’s called sexual dimorphism. (Sexual dichromatism is the term for different coloration between males and females.) As far as humans go, we don’t have exaggerated sexual dimorphism. Some studies have suggested that when males and females look similar to each other, there is less fighting and competition among males. Is grooming oneself, trying to look different, encouraging competition? If we were a gender neutral society, would we be more peaceful?

Ever since Darwin brought it up in 1871, there’s been debate on WHY certain mates are chosen over others. Sometimes, it depends on parental involvement. If the female invests more, she’s the picky one. If males invest more (as in seahorses), it’s the male who is picky. Evolutionary biologist Paulina Mena says, “Biologically speaking, it’s not so clear-cut where humans stand in this spectrum. We see females adorning themselves but the fact that males don’t wear makeup doesn’t mean they aren’t trying to get females to choose them by showing something off. They just do it in a different way. Working out to have a very athletic body could be considered the equivalent. For example it has been proposed that even intelligence and artistic expressions like music may have evolved as a way to impress females and be chosen as mates. This offends some people because they don’t want to think that cultural expressions may have its origin in sexual selection. But then again, the idea that females are driving evolution through being choosy was also something that upset people until kind of recently. They had a hard time accepting that.”

Like many animals without distinctive dimorphism, white storks are monogamous–for a while.

Monogamy is the primary type of pair bond for humans, and this is prevalent across societies. When looking back at our ape ancestors, monogamy is more prevalent when the males and females have less physical differences. To quote: in primates, minimal levels of sexual dimorphism in body weight and canine size are generally associated with monogamy and low rates of male antagonistic competition (e.g., gibbonsHarcourt, 1981) Gorillas on the other hand, where males are twice as big as females, are not monogamous.

Smaller testicles related to body size is also correlated with monogamous species.

There’s been speculation on the driving factor behind some of today’s weirder cosmetic surgery trends. One theory is that the participants are trying to enhance sexual dimorphism and have taken it to the extreme. It could follow then, that those who take their procedures seriously would be more antagonistic and less faithful.

As an author, I sometimes have to make a choice for my characters: settle down or be libertine. Most readers of novels do not like unfaithfulness. The idea of romance especially is to successfully pair bond. I will make sure to avoid having any heroes with big balls or surgery and take it from there.

For more discussion, go here.

Midyear Science News

1.Many men wish to control their fertility, and a few new products might be on the market soon. Some work by changing hormone balance, including a cream, and a newly developed pill might block the gene that directs sperm production. The later has just passed human safety standards in clinical trials.

2. July was one of the worst flooding seasons in global history. At last 134 pople were killed in Texas, 34 in China,69 in the Himalayas, and in early August, hundreds were missing in Pakistan and India.  The chemistry of why flash flooding is getting worse is outlined here. “Though floods naturally occur, increased moisture and rising temperatures from climate change are in some cases supercharging storms. According to a study in Nature, between 2020 and 2100, the size of the global population exposed to flood hazards is estimated to increase by 15.8%.”

3. Uncontrolled rage has sweeping societal consequences. A new study confirms that childhood aggression that persists into adulthood can be caused by early trauma. “Trauma during childhood can alter brain circuits that regulate attention and impulse control, increasing the risk of pathological aggression and cognitive decline in adulthood.”

5. The mysterious Shroud of Turin has captivated Christians for a long time. Is it really the burial garment laid over Jesus following his crucifixion? Radiocarbon dating has been inconclusive.  Now, the art world steps forward to suggest that the image was made from a statue and not a body.

6. Trump is dismantling science in the US . Why do we have a government that no longer serves the people and our futures? Because this is the will of at least one political party. This story dominates much of the science news so far this year.

7. mRNA vaccines are being badmouthed for no good reason. A detailed analysis of their promises and mild perils is presented here.

8. As the saying goes, we are done with COVID but COVID is not done with us. Since the government no longer approves COVID vaccines for many of us despite CDC warnings, the pharmaceutical industry is coming up with a new anti-viral drug, ibuzatrelvir. (Perhaps not in time. The COVID Vaccine even faces a ban.)